...DETERGENT ADDITIVES...

 DETERGENT ADDITIVES & THEIR FUNCTION Biological enzyme - to break down and remove stains such as blood Filler (drying agent) - make the solid detergent dry to be poured easily Fragrance - to give detergent and fabrics better smell Whitening agent - bleach the white fabrics but does not bleach the dye on the coloured fabrics Stabilising agent...

---

CREATE BY CHEMIST'S GULRZ

---

EFFECTIVENESS OF THE CLEANSING ACTION OF SOAP AND DETERGENT

The effectiveness of soaps as a cleaning agent reduces when it is used in  - hard water (contains calcium & magnesium ions)  - acidic water (contains hydrogen ions) HARD WATER Soap - reacts with magnesium or calcium ions to form an insoluble precipitate ( soap scum )          - formation of the scum  reduce...

---

CREATE BY CHEMIST'S GULRZ

---

...CLEANSING ACTION OF SOAP & DETERGENT...

CLEANSING ACTION..??? The cleaning action of soap and detergent is the same.Soaps and detergents have the ability to :lower the surface tension of water emulsify oil or grease hole the emulsion in suspension in water sodium soap dissolves in water to form soap anions & sodium cations.a soap anions consist of 2 parts, they are :  - carboxylate...

---

CREATE BY CHEMIST'S GULRZ

---

...DETERGENT...

WHAT IS DETERGENT..??  Any cleaning agent that is not a soap is a  detergent  Detergent are sodium salts of  sulphuric acid  Detergent are produce when alkali react with sulphonic acid     sulphonic acid + alkali --> detergent + water PREPARATION OF DETERGENT Detergent are prepared through 2 processes sulphonation neutralisation Long-chain hydrocarbon compounds from the petroleum fractions are...

---

CREATE BY CHEMIST'S GULRZ

---

...SOAP AND DETERGENT...

WHAT IS SOAP..?? Soaps are sodium or potassium salts of long-chain fatty acids. Soaps are produced when alkalis reacts with fatty acids.    Fatty acid + alkali --> soap + water SOAP PREPARATION PROCESS.. Soaps are prepared by hydrolysing fats or oils under alkaline condition. This alkaline hydrolysis reaction is called  saponification. The saponification process involves boiling fats or oils with concentrated sodium...

---

CREATE BY CHEMIST'S GULRZ

---

EFFECT OF FOOD ADDITIVES

Food additives enable us to keep the food fresh for a longer period of time, improve the taste of food and also enrich the nutrients of food. On the other side, some food additives may leave some effects. EFFECT OF FOOD ADDITIVES IN HEALTH 1. Hydrogenated Fats - cardiovascular disease, obesity 2. Artificial Food Colors - allergies, asthma,...

---

CREATE BY CHEMIST'S GULRZ

---

...FOOD ADDITIVES..

First  of  all,  look at this... :: a food additive is a natural or synthetic substance which is added to food. This is due to : - improve the taste, texture or appearance of a food.                        - preserve and extend food storage life. Food additives that commonly used are : Preservatives Antioxidants Flavourings Stabilisers Thickeners Dyes or colouring USES...

---

CREATE BY CHEMIST'S GULRZ

---

...USES OF FOOD ADDITIVES...

For this entry we'll g0ing to discuss bout food... just intr0 okey..when we talk about food, alm0st of us will imagine this.. or this... also this.. :) there are too many food in our life...but, do you know that each kind of food have their 0wn side effect..??we'll g0ing to explore more about food for the next entry...

---

CREATE BY CHEMIST'S GULRZ

---

...USES OF FOOD ADDITIVES...

For this entry we'll g0ing to discuss bout food... just intr0 okey..when we talk about food, alm0st of us will imagine this.. or this... also this.. :) there are too many food in our life...but, do you know that each kind of food have their 0wn side effect..??we'll g0ing to explore more about food for the next entry...

---

CREATE BY CHEMIST'S GULRZ

---

...USES OF FOOD ADDITIVES...

For this entry we'll g0ing to discuss bout food... just intr0 okey..when we talk about food, alm0st of us will imagine this.. or this... also this.. :) there are too many food in our life...but, do you know that each kind of food have their 0wn side effect..??we'll g0ing to explore more about food for the next entry...

---

CREATE BY CHEMIST'S GULRZ

---

H0W BOUT MEDICINE...??

WHAT IS MEDICINE...??? Chemicals that are used for medical purposes are called medicine. For your information there are two type of medicine.. let us tell you what they are.. There are :     - Traditional medicine     - Modern medicine What special bout this medicine is..they are n0t chemically processed. Let me sh0w you s0me examples 0n this kind of medicine with their functi0ns and als0 their c0mm0n uses in 0ur daily...

---

CREATE BY CHEMIST'S GULRZ

---